Architecture framework for software safety

Currently, an increasing number of systems are controlled by soft- ware and rely on the correct operation of software. In this context, a safety- critical system is defined as a system in which malfunctioning software could result in death, injury or damage to environment. To mitigate these serious risks, the architecture of safety-critical systems needs to be carefully designed and analyzed. A common practice for modeling software architecture is the adoption of software architecture viewpoints to model the architecture for par- ticular stakeholders and concerns. Existing architecture viewpoints tend to be general purpose and do not explicitly focus on safety concerns in particular. To provide a complementary and dedicated support for designing safety critical systems, we propose an architecture framework for software safety. The archi- tecture framework is based on a metamodel that has been developed after a tho- rough domain analysis. The framework includes three coherent viewpoints, each of which addressing an important concern. The application of the view- points is illustrated for an industrial case of safety-critical avionics control computer system. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014

Safety perspective for supporting architectural design of safety-critical systems

Various software architecture viewpoint approaches have been introduced to model the architecture views for stakeholder concerns. To address quality concerns in software architecture views, an important approach is to define architectural perspectives that include a collection of activities, tactics and guidelines that require consideration across a number of the architectural views. Several architectural perspectives have been defined for selected quality concerns. In this paper we propose the Safety Perspective that is dedicated to ensure that the safety concern is properly addressed in the architecture views. The proposed safety perspective can assist the system and software architects in designing, analyzing and communicating the decisions regarding safety concerns. We illustrate the safety perspective for a real industrial case study and discuss the lessons learned. © 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

Psychiatric comorbidities in children with specific learning disability | Özgül öğrenme bozukluğu olan çocuklarda psikiyatrik eş tanıların incelenmesi

Objective: Spesific learning disability (SLD) is a significant reason of academic failures during school age. Learning difficulties are frequent issues in childhood and adolescence that can potentially impair the personal, social and familial functionality of the child or the adolescent leading to psychiatric disorders. The aim of this research is to reveal the concomitant diagnoses of SLD cases. Methods: Our research was cross-sectional. Case group, clinical comparison group and healthy comparison group were composed of 66, 30 and 55 children, respectively. Sociodemographic Data Form, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (SADS-PL), the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test and SLD diagnosis battery were used. The data were evaluated by using Pearson's chi square test, Fisher-Freeman-Halton test, Fisher's exact test and Yates' continuity correction test. Results: The mean ages of 14 girls (21.2%) and 52 boys (78.2%) that attended to our study were 9.18 and 8.91 respectively. It was found that 72.7% had a concomitant diagnosis and 27.3% had no other psychiatric diagnosis. The most frequent concomitant diagnoses of SLD were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, enuresis, and depression, respectively. Discussion: Our results were consistent with the literature reporting that dual comorbidity rate in children with SLD was high. It is known that the difficulty in school affects many areas such as peer relations, family relations, self-confidence and mental state. For this reason, the screening of psychiatric comorbidities and their interventions are the most important steps